package altk.comm.engine;

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.security.KeyManagementException;
import java.security.KeyStoreException;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;

import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPath;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathConstants;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathExpressionException;
import javax.xml.xpath.XPathFactory;

import org.apache.http.StatusLine;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpRequestRetryHandler;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.config.Registry;
import org.apache.http.config.RegistryBuilder;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.ConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.socket.PlainConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.NoopHostnameVerifier;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.SSLConnectionSocketFactory;
import org.apache.http.conn.ssl.TrustStrategy;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.conn.PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager;
import org.apache.http.protocol.BasicHttpContext;
import org.apache.http.protocol.HttpContext;
import org.apache.http.ssl.SSLContextBuilder;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.Node;

import altk.comm.engine.Broadcast.PostbackThreadActionOnEmpty;


/**
 * Queues JobReports to be posted back to attribute postBackURL.
 * Multiple internal class Sender members consume this postQueue, sending items
 * in postQueue to postBackURL.  
 * 
 * In the future, if postBackURL has problem, or if
 * length of postQueue is more than a MAX_QUEUE_LENGTH, then it starts writing
 * everything to backingFile.
 * 
 * @author Kwong
 *
 */
public class Postback
{
    private static final String XML_VERSION_1_0_ENCODING_UTF_8 = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>";
    
    private static final int QUEUE_WAIT = 300; // seconds
    private static final int POSTBACK_SERVER_WAIT_TIME = 10; // seconds

	private static final int RETRIES_DEFAULT = 3;
    
    private final String postBackURL;
    private final String xmlTopElement;
    final LinkedList<String> postQueue;
    private final int maxQueueSize;
    private List<Sender> senderPool;
    private final String myName;
    private int maxBatchSize;

    private PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm;
    private int threadsWaitingToPost;
	private TrustStrategy tustAllCerts;
    SSLContext sslContext;
    
    // Easy ssl certificate verification.
    SSLConnectionSocketFactory easyConnectionFactory;
    CloseableHttpClient httpclient;

	private int maxRetries;
	private Broadcast broadcast;
	
	protected int postedTransactions;

    private static Logger myLogger = Logger.getLogger(Postback.class);

    public enum PostbackStatus
    {
        SUCCESS,
        SERVER_IO_ERROR,
        IRRECOVERABLE_ERROR,
        HTTP_STATUS_ERROR
    }
    
    class Sender extends Thread
    {

        private Sender(String name)
        {
            setName(name);
            start();
        }
        
        public void run()
        {
            
            myLogger.info(getName() + " started");
           
            String report;
            
            for (;;)   // Each iteration sends a batch
            {
                myLogger.debug("Looking for reports");
                List<String> reportList = new ArrayList<String>();
                synchronized(postQueue)
                {
                    for (int i = 0; i < maxBatchSize ; i++)
                    {
                        report = postQueue.poll();
                        if (report == null) break;
                        reportList.add(report);
                    }
                    // If space in que is generated, wake up all service queues waiting for space
                    if (reportList.size() > 0 && threadsWaitingToPost > 0) postQueue.notifyAll();
                }
                if (reportList.size() > 0)
                {
                    switch (post(reportList))
                    {
                        case IRRECOVERABLE_ERROR:
                        case SUCCESS:
                            break;
                            
                        case SERVER_IO_ERROR:
                            // Sleep for a while before retrying this PostBack server.
                            CommonLogger.alarm.warn("Caught server IO error.  sleep for " + POSTBACK_SERVER_WAIT_TIME + " seconds");
                            try
                            {
                                Thread.sleep(POSTBACK_SERVER_WAIT_TIME * 1000);
                            }
                            catch (InterruptedException e)
                            {
                                CommonLogger.alarm.warn("Caught while PostBack thread sleeps: " + e);
                            }
                        default:
                    }
                    incrementPostedTransactions(reportList.size());
                }
                else
                {
                	// empty post queue
                    PostbackThreadActionOnEmpty postbackThreadActionOnEmpty = broadcast.getPostbackThreadActionOnEmpty();
					myLogger.debug("Action on empty queue: " + postbackThreadActionOnEmpty);
                    switch (postbackThreadActionOnEmpty)
                    {
                    case STOP:
                        myLogger.info(getName() + " terminating");
                        System.out.println(getName() + " terminating");
                        return;
                    case WAIT:
	                	synchronized (postQueue)
	                	{
	                		try 
	                		{
								postQueue.wait();
							} catch (InterruptedException e) 
	                		{
								// Do nothing
							}
	                	}
	                    break;
                    case CONTINUE:
                    default:
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        
        /**
         * 
         * @param reportList
         * @return SUCCESS,  
         *         SERVER_IO_ERROR, when postback receiver has problem
         *         IRRECOVERABLE_ERROR
         */
        private PostbackStatus post(List<String> reportList)
        {
            StringBuffer xml = new StringBuffer(XML_VERSION_1_0_ENCODING_UTF_8);
            xml.append("<" + xmlTopElement + " reports=\"" + reportList.size() + "\">\r\n");
            for (String report : reportList)
            {
                xml.append(report + "\r\n");
            }
            xml.append("</"); xml.append(xmlTopElement); xml.append(">");
            
            HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(postBackURL);
            StringEntity requestEntity;
            CloseableHttpResponse response = null;
            byte[] xmlBytes = null;
            try
            {
                requestEntity = (new StringEntity(xml.toString()));
                httpPost.setEntity(requestEntity);
                myLogger.debug("Posting to " + postBackURL + ": " + xml);
                response = httpclient.execute(httpPost, new BasicHttpContext());
                incrementPostedTransactions(reportList.size());
                StatusLine statusLine = response.getStatusLine();
                int statusCode = statusLine.getStatusCode();
                if (statusCode != 200)
                {
                    CommonLogger.alarm.error("Got error status code " + statusCode + " while posting status to broadcast requester");
                    return PostbackStatus.HTTP_STATUS_ERROR;
                }
            }
            catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e)
            {
                CommonLogger.alarm.warn("While adding this application/xml content to PostBack: " + xml + " -- " + e);
                return PostbackStatus.IRRECOVERABLE_ERROR;
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                CommonLogger.alarm.error("While posting back to broadcast requester: " + e);
                return PostbackStatus.IRRECOVERABLE_ERROR;
            }
          

            String xmlStr;
            try
            {
                xmlBytes = EntityUtils.toByteArray(response.getEntity());
                xmlStr = new String(xmlBytes);
                myLogger.debug("Received resposne: " + xmlStr);
            }
            catch (IOException e)
            {
                CommonLogger.alarm.error("While getting response from posting to broadcast requester: " + e);
                return PostbackStatus.SERVER_IO_ERROR;
            }

            Document xmlDoc = null;
            try
            {
                DocumentBuilderFactory factory = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
                DocumentBuilder builder = factory.newDocumentBuilder();
                xmlDoc = builder.parse(new ByteArrayInputStream(xmlBytes));
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                CommonLogger.alarm.warn("xml parse problem on received response from " + postBackURL + ": " + xmlStr);
                return PostbackStatus.IRRECOVERABLE_ERROR;
            }
            if (!xmlDoc.getDocumentElement().getNodeName().startsWith(xmlTopElement))
            {
                CommonLogger.alarm.warn("xml response from " + postBackURL + " not a <" + xmlTopElement + "> response: " + xmlStr);
                return PostbackStatus.IRRECOVERABLE_ERROR;
            }
            XPath xpathEngine = XPathFactory.newInstance().newXPath();
            String xpath = null;
            try
            {
                xpath = "@error";
                Node errorNode = (Node)xpathEngine.evaluate(xpath, xmlDoc.getDocumentElement(), XPathConstants.NODE);
                if (errorNode != null)
                {
                    String errorCode = errorNode.getNodeValue();
                    xpath = "error_text";
                    String errorText = (String)xpathEngine.evaluate(xpath,
                            xmlDoc.getDocumentElement(), XPathConstants.STRING);
                    CommonLogger.alarm.warn("Error response to <" + xmlTopElement + "> post back to "
                            + postBackURL + " -- error code=\"" + errorCode + "\", error text = \""
                            + errorText + "\"");
                    return PostbackStatus.IRRECOVERABLE_ERROR;
                }
            }
            catch (XPathExpressionException e)
            {
                CommonLogger.alarm.warn("Bad xpath: " + xpath);
                return PostbackStatus.IRRECOVERABLE_ERROR;
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                CommonLogger.alarm.warn("While decoding post back response from server: " + e);
                return PostbackStatus.IRRECOVERABLE_ERROR;
            }
            return PostbackStatus.SUCCESS;
        }

    }
    
    /**
     * Constructs a pool of threads doing posting from a common job queue,
     * to the supplied postBackURL.  The top element of the XML that gets
     * posted back has the give name.
     * 
     * Requires these System properties:
     *     postback_max_queue_size
     *     postback_threadpool_size
     *     
     * @param broadcast
     * 
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either postBackURL or xmlTopElementName is
     *         not supplied nor valid.
     * @throws KeyStoreException 
     * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException 
     * @throws KeyManagementException 
     */
    public Postback(Broadcast broadcast,
            int maxQueueSize, int senderPoolSize, int maxBatchSize)
    throws IllegalArgumentException, KeyManagementException, NoSuchAlgorithmException, KeyStoreException
    {
        this.broadcast = broadcast;
        this.maxQueueSize = maxQueueSize;
        this.maxBatchSize = maxBatchSize;
        postBackURL = broadcast.getPostbackURL();
        xmlTopElement =  broadcast.getBroadcastType() + "_status";
        
        myName = broadcast.getBroadcastId() + "-postback-thread";
        postQueue = new LinkedList<String>();
        threadsWaitingToPost = 0;

        // Build connection pool manager
        
    	tustAllCerts = new TrustStrategy() { public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) { return true; } };
    	
    	sslContext = SSLContextBuilder.create().loadTrustMaterial(tustAllCerts).build();
        easyConnectionFactory = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContext, new NoopHostnameVerifier());
        
        Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder.<ConnectionSocketFactory>create()
                .register("http", PlainConnectionSocketFactory.getSocketFactory())
                .register("https", easyConnectionFactory)
                .build();
        // Connection manager cm handles ssl certificate verification via the socket registry
        cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(socketFactoryRegistry);
        cm.setMaxTotal(senderPoolSize);
        cm.setDefaultMaxPerRoute(senderPoolSize);

        //
        // Retry handler
        maxRetries = RETRIES_DEFAULT;
        HttpRequestRetryHandler retryHandler = new HttpRequestRetryHandler()
        {
            public boolean retryRequest(
                    IOException exception,
                    int executionCount,
                    HttpContext context)
            {
                if (executionCount >= maxRetries) return false;
                return true;
            }
        };

        httpclient = HttpClientBuilder.create()
        		.setConnectionManager(cm)
        		.setRetryHandler(retryHandler)
        		.build();

        senderPool = new ArrayList<Sender>();
        for (int i = 0; i < senderPoolSize; i++)
        {
            Sender sender = new Sender(myName + '.' + i);
            senderPool.add(sender);
        }
    }
    
    public void incrementPostedTransactions(int size) 
    {
		postedTransactions += size;
	}

    /**
     * Puts report at the head of post queue, disregarding size limit.
     * This is suitable for posting broadcast status ahead of 
     * a possibly long line of transaction status.
     * @param report
     * @return
     */
    public void queueReportFirst(String report)
    {
        synchronized(postQueue)
        {
        	myLogger.debug("Queueing report " + report);
        	postQueue.offerFirst(report);
        	postQueue.notify();
        }
    }
	/**
     * Queues report to postQueue only if the queue size has not reached the
     * maxQueueSize.
     * @param report
     * @return true if report is added to queue, false otherwise (queue full)
     */
    public boolean queueReport(String report)
    {
        synchronized(postQueue)
        {
            for (;;)
            {
                if (postQueue.size() < maxQueueSize)
                {    
                    myLogger.debug("Queueing report " + report);
                    postQueue.add(report);
                    postQueue.notify();
                    return true;
                }
                else
                {
                     try
                    {
                        threadsWaitingToPost++; 
                        myLogger.debug(String.format("Waiting for space in postQueue - size %d, total waiting %d", postQueue.size(), threadsWaitingToPost));
                        postQueue.wait(QUEUE_WAIT * 1000);
                        threadsWaitingToPost--;
                    }
                    catch (InterruptedException e)
                    {
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        myLogger.info("Interrupted while waiting for space in postQueue");
        return false;
    }
    
    public void wrapup()
    {
    	myLogger.debug("Wrapping up");
    	
    	try 
    	{
    		synchronized (postQueue)
    		{
    			postQueue.notifyAll();
    		}
    		// Wait for all postback threads to terminate
            for (Sender sender : senderPool)
            {
                sender.join();
            }
            // Close postback connections.
			httpclient.close();
		} 
    	catch (Exception e) 
    	{
			myLogger.error("Caught when closing HttpClient: " + e.getMessage());
		}
    	

        broadcast = null;
    }
    
}